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PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES Supplemental Findings of the Worst Case Housing Needs 2009: Report to Congress 2009 WORST CASE HOUSING NEEDS OF

Visit PD&R’s website www.hud.gov/policy or www.huduser.org to nulld this report and others sponsored by nullD’s nullnulle of Policy Development and Research nullD&Rnull nullher services of nullD nullnullnullPD&R’s Research and nullformation Servicenullinclude listservsnullspecial interest and bimonthly publications nullest practicesnullsigninullant studies from other sourcesnull access to public use databasesnulland a hotline nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull for help with accessing the information you need.

2009 WORST CASE HOUSING NEEDS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES: Supplemental Findings of the Worst Case Housing Needs 2009: Report to Congress U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Office of Policy Development and Research March 2nullnullnull Prepared by Maria Teresa Souza With Robert A. Collinson Marge Martin Barry L. Steffen nullanullid A. nullandenbrounullnulle nullungnullnullann nullanullid nullao

2009 WORST CASE HOUSING NEEDS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES: SUPPLEMENTAL FINDINGS U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development | Office of Policy Development and Research

nullam pleased to present this report from the nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelop null ment nullnullnullnullnullnull 2009 Worst Case Housing Needs of People With Disabilities. A supplement to the Worst Case Housing Needs 2009: Report to Congressnullthis donullument presents national estimates and information on the nullritinullal housing problems that nullonfront lonullnull innullome renting families that innulllude people nullith disabilities. Worst nullase needs housenull holds are denullned as nullery lonullnullinnullome renters nullho do not renulleinulle gonullernment housing assistannulle and nullho either pay more than onenullhalf of their innullome for rent or linulle in senullerely inadenulluate nullonditionsnullor both. Worst nullase needs is an additional burden for people nullith disabilitiesnull ho often fanulle housing disnullrimination and a limited anullailability of anullnullessible housing units. The report addresses a nulleanullness of prenullious nullorst nullase needs reportsnulluse of a rough pronully to estimate the number of people nullith disabilities nullho hanulle senullere housing needs. nullts purpose is to pronullide a more anullnullurate anullnullounting of sunullh people and assess the methodology used to nullalnullulate this. nulln this nullaynullit analyzes the enulltent to nullhinullh nenull nulluestions about disability status added to the nullnullnullnullAmerinullan nullousing Surnulley nullAnullSnull impronulle the estimation of people nullith disabilities and nullompares the estimates nullith other surnulleynullbased data sournulles. nulln nullnullnullnullnullappronullimately nullmillion households that innullluded nonelderly people nullith dis null abilities had nullorst nullase needsnullnullanullnullounting for nullnullpernullent of all nullery lonullnullinnullome renter households nullith disabilities. Betnulleen nullnullnullnulland nullnullnullnullnullthere nullas a nullnullnullpernullent innullrease of nullorst nullase needs households that innullluded people nullith disabilities. The AnullS disabilnull ity estimates do not alnullays align perfenulltly nullith estimates from other surnulleys. Although the Amerinullan Community Surnulley and the nullational nullealth nullnternullienullSurnulley nullnullnullnullSnullhanulle higher disability rates onullerallnullnulluestions pertaining to anulltinullity limitation that use similar nullonnullepts shonullthat the nullnullnullS and the AnullS estimates arenullin fanulltnullnullery similar. The report nullnds that renter households that innulllude people nullith disabilities are more linullely than those that do not innulllude people nullith disabilities to hanulle nullery lonullinnullomesnull enullperiennulle nullorst nullase needsnullpay more than onenullhalf of their innullome for rentnulland hanulle other housing problems sunullh as linulling in inadenulluate or onullernullronullded housing. nulln the other handnullhousing assistannulle has been sunullnullessful at targeting this population. Renter households that innulllude people nullith disabilities are tnullo times more linullely to renulleinulle 2009 WORST CASE HOUSING NEEDS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES iii U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT | OFFICE OF POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH FOREWORD nullORnullnullORD

2009 WORST CASE HOUSING NEEDS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES: SUPPLEMENTAL FINDINGS U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development | Office of Policy Development and Research iv housing assistance than those that do not include people with disabilities. This may be one reason why the increase in worst case needs households in this group is much less than the 20 percent increase for the population as a whole. The increase in worst case needs in recent years and the special challenges that people with disabilities face will require a continued effort to support these households in finding suitable, affordable, and accessible housing. Raphael W. Bostic Assistant nullecretary for nullolicy nullenullelopment and Research

nullorenullord ......................................................................................................................iii Summary .....................................................................................................................nullii nullacnullground .................................................................................................................null Section null. Demographics of nullorst nullase nulleeds Households nullhat nullnclude People nullith Disabilities .....................................................................................null nullnullnullnullAnullS nullenullnullirenullt nulluestions on nullisabilities .....................................................null nullouseholds That nullnnulllude People With nullisabilities ..................................................null nullousing Conditions of Renter nullouseholds That nullnnulllude People With nullisabilities ...null nullisabilities Among Worst Case nulleeds nullouseholds ................................................null Trends in Worst Case nulleeds and nullisabilities Betnulleen nullnullnullnulland nullnullnullnull ..................null Age nullroups of People With nullisabilities and Worst Case nulleeds .............................null Ranullenullnullthninullity of Worst Case nulleeds nullouseholds With and Without People With nullisabilities .........................................................................................................null Regional and nullrban nulleography of Worst Case nulleeds nullouseholds With and Without People With nullisabilities ........................................................................null Section 2. nullhanges in Disability Measures of nullorst nullse nulleeds Households ...null Comparing nullnnullome Pronully and nullirenullt Measures of nullisability in the nullnullnullnullAnullS ........null nullnderstanding the nullifferennulles Betnulleen nullnnullome Pronully and nullirenullt Measures of nullisability ..........................................................................................................nullnull Section null. nullomparing the nullHS Disability nullstimates nullith the nullstimates nullrom Other Data Sources ..........................................................................................nullnull Comparing the AnullS nullisability nullstimates With the ACS nullstimates ........................nullnull Comparing the AnullS nullisability nullstimates With the nullnullnullS nullstimates .......................nullnull AnullS Limitations To nullstimate the nullumber of People With nullisabilities and Senullere nullousing nulleeds ................................................................................................nullnull References ................................................................................................................nullnull nullppendinull ....................................................................................................................nullnull v U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT | OFFICE OF POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH CONTENTS nullOnullnullnullnullnullS 2009 WORST CASE HOUSING NEEDS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES

2009 WORST CASE HOUSING NEEDS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES: SUPPLEMENTAL FINDINGS U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development | Office of Policy Development and Research vi

vii SUMMARY This study presents national estimates of the number of households that innulllude people nullith disabilities nullho hanulle nullorst nullase housing needs and presents their nullharanullteristinulls. nullt pronull nullides a supplement to the Worst Case Housing Needs 2009: Report to Congress, released in February nullnullnullnull. People nullith disabilities fanulle addinull tional burdens to nullnding safe and afnull fordable housing for senulleral reasonsnull sunullh as being subnullenullted to housing disnullrimination and ennullountering limnull ited anullailability of anullnullessible housing units. This supplement responds to the need to impronulle the estimation of the number of people nullith disnull abilities nullith senullere housing needs and address the nullnonulln undernullount of past estimations. This supplement also analyzes the enulltent to nullhinullh nenulldirenullt nulluestions on disabilitiesnulladded to the nullnullnullnullAmerinullan nullousing Surnulley nullAnullSnullnullim null pronulle the estimation of people nullith disabilities and it disnullusses remaining limitations tonullard identifying people nullith disabilities nullith senullere housing needs using this surnulley. The manullor nullndings of the study are as follonullsnull null The prenullalennulle of nonelderly people nullith disabilities is higher among renter housenull holds than among onullner householdsnullalthough most households that innulllude nonnull elderly people nullith disabilities are onullner onullnullupied. 2. Renter households that innulllude nonelderly people nullith disabilities are more linullely than those that do not innulllude people nullith disabilities to hanulle nullery lonullinnullomesnull enullperiennulle nullorst nullase needsnullpay more than onenullhalf of their innullome for rentsnulland hanulle other housing problemsnullsunullh as linulling in inadenulluate or onullernullronullded housing. null nulln the positinulle sidenullrenter households that innulllude nonelderly people nullith disabili null ties are tnullo times more linullely to renulleinulle housing assistannulle than those that do not innulllude people nullith disabilities. 2009 WORST CASE HOUSING NEEDS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES SUMMnullRnull U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT | OFFICE OF POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH nullORSnullnullnullSnullnullnullnullDS nullnassistednull nullery lonullnullinnullome renter housenull holds nullbelonullonenullhalf of Area Median nullnnullomenull nullhonull null nullanulle a senullere rent burden nullpay more than onenullhalf of their innullome for rentnull andnullor null Linulle in senullerely inadenulluate nullonditions.

null nulln nullnullnullnullnull null.nullmillion nullery lonullnullinnullome renter households innull nullluded nonelderly people nullho reported hanulling at least one of the sinullmeasures of disabilities null nullisualnullhearingnull ognitinullenull ambulatorynull selfnullnullarenull and independent linulling limitationsnull andnull of thosenull nullnullnullnullnullnullnull enullperiennulled nullorst nullase needsnull nullhinullh put the prenullalennulle of nullorst nullase needs at nullnullpernullent among this group. null The estimated number of households nullith nullorst nullase needs that innullluded people nullith disabilities nullas smaller usnull ing the direnullt measure than the innullome pronully measurenulldue to the innullome pronully measurenulls onullernullounting of people nullith disabilities in some nullases and undernullounting of people nullith disabilities in other nullases. null Anullnullording to the innullome pronully measurenull betnulleen nullnullnullnull and nullnullnullnullnullthe number of nullorst nullase needs households that innullluded people nullith disabilities innullreased by nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull reanullhing null.null million households. nulln this time periodnull the prenullalennulle of nullorst nullase needs among nullery lonullnullinnullome renters nullith disabilities innullreased from nullnullto nullnullpernullent. null Ambulatorynull nullognitinullenull and independent linulling limitations nullere the most prenullalent limitations among households nullith nullorst nullase needs and nullith people nullith disabilities. nullisualnull hearingnulland selfnullnullare limitations nullere found in a smaller share of those same households. null nulln the households that innullluded nonelderly people nullith disabilitiesnullnullnullpernullent innullluded nonelderly adults nullith dis null abilitiesnullnullnullpernullent innullluded nullhildren nullith disabilitiesnulland nullpernullent innullluded both instannulles. null nulln generalnullsmall differennulles enullist betnulleen households nullith nullorst nullase needs that innullluded people nullith disabilities and those that did notnullby ranullenullethninullity and by geographinullal lo null nullation. null. Comparison nullith other data sournulles indinullated that the AnullS estimates of the number of people nullith disabilities nullnullnulldo not alnullays align perfenulltly nullith estimates from other surnulleysnull nullnullnullare limited by a small set of nulluestions that do not nullom null pletely nullapture the nullomplenull onnullept of disabilitynulland nullnullnulldo not innulllude some population groups that hanulle a high prenullanull lennulle of people nullith disabilities. viii 2009 WORST CASE HOUSING NEEDS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES: SUPPLEMENTAL FINDINGS U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development | Office of Policy Development and Research

null nullnullme sournulls used as pronull measure innulluded Sonullal Senullrity and pensionsnullnulllfare and publinullassistannullnullSupplemental Senullrity nullnullmenulland Sonullal Senullrity nullsability nullsurannull. BACKGROUND nulln February nullnullnullnullnullthe nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopment nullnullnullnullnullpublished the Worst Case Housing Needs 2009: Report to Congress about the housing needs of unasnull sisted nullery lonullnullinnullome renters. The biannual report estimated that null.nullmillion renter house null holds had nullorst nullase housing needs nullhereafter referred to as nullorst nullase needsnullin nullnullnullnullnullan innullrease of more than nullnullpernullent from nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull. Worst nullase needs are estimated nullith data from the AnullSnulla surnulley sponsored by nullnullnulland nullondunullted by the null.S. Census Bureau sinnulle nullnullnullnull. The surnulley is the largest periodinullnational housing surnulley in the nullnited States and pronullides nationally representatinulle and upnulltonulldate housing statistinulls to inform publinullpolinullymanullers and null.S. housing programs. nullational data hanulle been nullollenullted enullery nullyears sinnulle nullnullnullnullnullusing a nullnulled sample of about nullnullnullnullnullnullhousing units and an additional sample of nenullly nullonstrunullted units eanullh yearnullto ensure both nullontinu null ity and timeliness of the data. nulln nullnullnullnullnullthe AnullS innullluded for the nullrst timenulldirenullt nulluestions on disabilitynullpresenting a uninullue opportunity to impronulle the estimates of the number of households that innulllude people nullith disabilities nullho enullperiennulle nullorst nullase needs. nullntil nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullidentinulled households that innulllude people nullith disabilities by using a pronully measure of senulleral reported innullome sournulles that are typinullally assonulliated nullith disabilities. null Although pronully measure impronulled signinullnullantly onuller the years as a result of better AnullS data and methodsnullthe pronully measure has anullnullnonulll null edged limitationsnullsunullh as undernullounting people nullith disabilitiesnullin some nullasesnulland nullag null ging people nullho do not report disabilitiesnullin other nullases nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull. Worst nullase needs has been a useful measure benullause of its nullonsistent denullnition onuller the years. Senullere rent burden and physinullal adenulluanully of linulling nullonditionsnull ontinue to be nulley in null dinullators to estimate the onullerall need for safe and affordable housing. People nullith disabilities nullonfront additional burdens in nullnding safe and affordable housing for senulleral reasons. Firstnull people nullith disabilities are more linullely to fanulle housing disnullrimination. Although housing disnull nullrimination against people nullith disabilities has been illegal sinnulle nullnullnullnullnull hen disability nullas added to the Fair nullousing Anulltnullnullomplaints alleging disability disnullrimination hanulle been the most nullommon type of fair housing nullomplaint renulleinulled by nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull. A study using 2009 WORST CASE HOUSING NEEDS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES nullnullnullnullnullROUnullD 1 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT | OFFICE OF POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH

2 2009 WORST CASE HOUSING NEEDS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES: SUPPLEMENTAL FINDINGS SnullnullnullnullOnull statistinullally representatinulle estimates of the innullidennulle of disnullriminanull tion in the metropolitan area of Chinullago found signinullnullant lenullels of housing disnullrimination against people nullith disabilities. nulln fanulltnullthe study found that adnullerse treatment of people nullith disabilities onullnull nullurred more often than adnullerse treatment of AfrinullannullAmerinullan or nullispaninullrenters in the study area nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull. An additional burden for people nullith disabilities is the limited anullailnull ability of anullnullessible housing units. The study on the innullidennulle of housing disnullrimination found that onenullthird of adnullertised rental housing units in the Chinullago metropolitan area nullere not anullnullessible for people nullith mobility limitations and that one in sinullrenulluests for reasonable modinullnullation to manulle the units anullnullessible nullere denied nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull. Another study of multifamily building nullompliannulle nullith anullnullessibility renulluirements found thatnull although nullompliannulle nullas highnullin generalnullthe nationally representatinulle sample of multifamily buildings built after nullnullnullnulldid not nullholly nullomply nullith the anullnullessibility renulluirements in the Fair nullousing Anullt nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull. This report responds to the need to address the nullnonulln undernullount of past estimations and impronulle the identinullnullation of unassisted nullery lonullnullinnullome renter households that innulllude people nullith disabilities and the nullharanullterization of their housing needs. The report is strunullnull tured in three parts. Senulltion nullpresents the estimate of the number of households that innulllude people nullith disabilities using the nenulldirenullt measure added to the nullnullnullnullAnullS. nullt also disnullusses the demographinull and geographinullnullharanullteristinulls of households that innulllude people nullith disabilities that also hanulle nullorst nullase needs. Senulltion nullnullom null pares the estimation of the number of households nullith nullorst nullase needs that innulllude people nullith disabilitiesnullusing the old innullome pronully and the nenulldirenullt nulluestion measures. Senulltion nullnullompares the differennulles in estimates of the number of people nullith disabilities using the AnullSnullthe Amerinullan Community Surnulley nullACSnullnulland the nulla null tional nullealth nullnternullienullSurnulley nullnullnullnullSnulldata and disnullusses the limita null tions of the AnullS data in identifying people nullith disabilities.

3 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT | OFFICE OF POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH SECTION 1. DEMOGRAPHICS OF WORST CASE NEEDS HOUSEHOLDS THAT INCLUDE PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES 2nullnullnullnullHS nullenullDirect nulluestions on Disabilities The nullnullnullnullAnullS added a set of sinull uestions pertaining to disability that renullenullt the nullidely adopted nullnternational Classinullnullation of Funnulltioningnull isabilitynulland nullealth nullnullCFnull onnullepts of impairmentnullanulltinullity limitationnulland partinullipation restrinulltion. null These nullonnulleptual and operational denullnitions nullere based on the nullnullnullnullACS nulluestionnaire. The nulluestions measure four banull sinull funnulltional limitationsnull nullisualnull hearingnull nullognitinullenull and ambula null tory. These funnulltional limitations are nullomplemented by tnullo nulluesnull tions that measure difnullnullulties nullith Anulltinullities of nullaily Linulling nullAnullLnullnull sunullh bathing and dressing nullselfnull nullare difnullnullultynullnulland nullnstrumental Anulltinullities of nullaily Linulling nullnullAnullLnullnull sunullh as performing errands nullinnull dependent linulling difnullnullultynull. Households nullhat nullnclude People nullith Disabilities Anullnullording to the nullnullnullnullAnullSnullnull.null million households nullor nullpernullentnull innullluded nonelderly people renull porting at least one of the sinull measures of disabilities nullnullisualnull hearingnull nullognitinullenull ambulatorynull selfnullnullarenull and independent linullnull ingnull. The prenullalennulle of nonelderly DEMOGRAPHICS OF WORST CASE NEEDS HOUSEHOLDS THAT INCLUDE PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES nullUnullSnullnullOnullS nullnullOUnullDnullSnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullS nullnullnullHnull2nullnullnullnullMnullRnullnullnullnullHOUSnullnullnull SURnullnullnull null Are you deaf or hanulle serious difnullnullulty hearingnull null Are you blind or hanulle serious difnullnullulty seeingnullenullen nullhen nullearing glassesnull null Benullause of a physinullalnullmentalnullor emotional nullonditionnulldoes anyone in this household hanulle serious difnullnullulty nullonnullentratingnull rememberingnullor manulling denullisionsnull null nulloes anyone in this household hanulle serious difnullnullulty nullalnulling or nulllimbing stairsnull null nulloes anyone in this household hanulle serious difnullnullulty dressing or bathingnull null nullFor all household members nullnullyears old or oldernullBenullause of a physinullalnullmentalnullor emotional nullonditionnull does anyone in this household hanulle difnullnullulty doing errands alone sunullh as nullisiting a donulltornulls ofnullnulle or shoppingnull Sourcenull nullnullnullPnullnullR nullnullnullnullnullnull null Anullording to the Amerinullns nullth nullsabilities Anull of nullnullnulldisability is null physinulll or mental impairment that substan null tially limits one or more of the manullr life anullinulltiesnulla renullrd of sunull an impairmentnullor being regarded as hanullng sunull an impairment.null nullSnullnullnullnullOnull

4 2009 WORST CASE HOUSING NEEDS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES: SUPPLEMENTAL FINDINGS nulln the positinulle sidenullrenter households nullith disabilities nullere tnullo times more linullely to renulleinulle housing assistannulle than renter housenull holds nullithout disabilities. nullnullhibit null shonulls that appronullimately nullnull pernullent of renter household nullith disabilities renulleinulled housing asnull sistannullenulland only nullnullpernullent of those nullithout disabilities renulleinulled assistannulle. Among nullery lonullnullinnullome renter householdsnull nullpernullent of those nullith disability renulleinulled housing assistannullenulland nullnullpernullent of those nullithout disabilities renulleinulled housing assistannulle. Disabilities nullmong nullorst nullase nulleeds Households Based on the nullnullnullnullAnullSnull .nullmillion nullery lonullnullinnullome renter house null holds innullluded nonelderly people reporting at least one of the sinull measures of disability. nullf thosenullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullenullperiennulled nullorst nullase needsnull hinullh put the prenullalennulle of nullorst nullase needs at nullnullpernullent among this group. nullnullhibit nullshonulls that of the four physinullal limita null tionsnullambulatory nullnullnullpernullentnulland nullognitinulle nullnullnullpernullentnullnullere the most prenullalent limitations among households nullith nullorst nullase housnull ing needs and disabilities. nullearing and nullisual limitations affenullted a smaller share of householdsnullat nullnulland nullnullpernullentnullrespenulltinullelynullof those nullith nullorst nullase needs and disabilities. Betnulleen the tnullo nulluestions that measure difnullnullulty nullith AnullL and nullAnullLnullindependent linullingnullnullhinullh indinullates a difnullnullulty in performing errandsnull as the most prenullalentnullaffenullting almost one in enullery three households nullith nullorst nullase needs and disabilities. Selfnullnullarenull hinullh indinullates difnullnullulty dressing or bathingnullaffenullted nullnullpernullent of house null holds nullith nullorst nullase needs and disabilities. people nullith disabilities nullas higher among renter households nullnull.nullmil null lion or nullnullpernullentnullthan among onullner households nullnull.nullmillion or nullper null nullentnullnullenullen though most households that innullluded nonelderly people nullith disabilities nullere onullner onullnullupied nullnullnullhibit Anullnullin the Appendinullnull. Housing nullonditions of Renter Households nullhat nullnclude People nullith Disabilities nullnullhibit null shonulls that renter households that innullluded nonelderly people nullith disabilities nullrenter households nullith disabilitiesnull nullere more linullely to hanulle nullery lonull innullomesnull to enullperiennulle nullorst nullase needsnulland to pay more than onenullhalf of the household innullome for rentnullthan those renter households nullithout disabilities. nulln nullnullnullnullnulltnullo out of three nullor nullnullpernullentnullof renter households nullith disabilities had nullery lonullinnullomesnulland only nullnullpernullent of renter households nullithout disabilities had nullery lonullinnullomes. Appronullimately nullnullpernullent of renter households nullith disabilities enullperiennulled nullorst nullase needsnulland only nullnull pernullent of renter households nullithout disabilities enullperiennulled nullorst nullase needs. Finallynullrenter households nullith disabilities nullere almost one and onenullhalf times more linullely to pay more than onenullhalf of their innullome for rent than renter households nullithout disabilities. nullther measures of housing nullonditionsnullsunullh as linulling in inadenulluate or onullernullronullded housingnullaffenullted a smaller share of renter households nullith disabilitiesnull although these problems nullhere more prenullalent among households nullith disabilities than those nullithout disabilities. nullf renter households nullith disabilitiesnullnullpernullent linulled in senullerely inad null enulluate housingnull nullpernullent linulled in moderately inadenulluate housingnull and nullpernullent linulled in nullronullded housing. nullnullHnullnullnullnullnull. RnullnullnullnullR HOUSnullHOnullDS nullnullnullH DnullSnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullS nullRnullMORnullnullUnullnullnullRnullnullnullnullnullnullD MORnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullO Hnullnullnull HOUSnullnullnullPROnullnullnullMS Share of renter households with selected indicators of income and housing conditions, 2009 (percent) Sourcenull nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopmentnullnullfnullnulle of Polinully nullenullelopment and Researnullhnulltabulations of Amerinullan nullousing Surnulley data 70 60 50 40 30 20 null 0 nullernull nullw nullcome nullorst nullse nulleds Severe nullnt nullrden nullderate nullnt nullrden Severelnull nulladenullate nullusing nullderatelnull nulladenullate nullusing nullowded nullusing nullnter nulluseholds nullth nullsanulllities nullnter nulluseholds nullthout nullsanulllities 66 25 46 null Per nullnt 34 24 25 23 4 5 3 4 null 6

5 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT | OFFICE OF POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH SECTION 1. DEMOGRAPHICS OF WORST CASE NEEDS HOUSEHOLDS THAT INCLUDE PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES nullnter nulluseholds nullsisted nullnter nulluseholds nullassisted nullnullHnullnullnullnull2. RnullnullnullnullR HOUSnullHOnullDS nullnullD nullnullRnullnullnullOnullnullnullnullOMnullRnullnullnullnullR HOUSnullHOnullDS nullnullnullH DnullSnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullS nullRnull MORnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullO RnullnullnullnullnullnullHOUSnullnullnullnullSSnullSnullnullnullnullnull Sourcenull nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopmentnullnullfnullnulle of Polinully nullenullelopment and Researnullhnulltabulations of Amerinullan nullousing Surnulley data 27,664 3null5null nullthout nullsanulllities nullth nullsanulllities 2,nullnull 3,null6 3,null6 (nullnull null025 (26null null0 90 null 70 60 50 40 30 20 null 0 Share of assisted and unassisted renter and vernulllownullincome renter households with and without disanullilities, 2009 (null,000 households and percent) nullernullnullwnullncome nullnter nulluseholds nullsisted nullernullnullwnullncome nullnter nulluseholds nullassisted null,223 null,534 nullthout nullsanulllities nullth nullsanulllities null62null 2,5null 3,3null (23null 963 (37null null0 90 null 70 60 50 40 30 20 null 0 nullnulle of nullsanulllitnullnullorst nullse nulleds nulluseholds nullth nullsanulllities nullnullHnullnullnullnullnull. nullHnullRnullnullS nullHnullnullH PRnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullOnullnullOnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullD nullMnullUnullnullnullORnullnullnullMnullnullnullnullnullOnullnullMOnullnull HOUSnullHOnullDS nullnullnullH nullORSnullnullnullSnullnullnullnullDS nullnullD DnullSnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullS AnullL nullAnulltinullities of nullaily Linulling. nullAnullL nullnullnstrumental Anulltinullities of nullaily Linulling. Sourcenull nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopmentnullnullfnullnulle of Polinully nullenullelopment and Researnullhnulltabulations of Amerinullan nullousing Surnulley data nullaring nullisual nullnullical nullmitations nullnullnullnull nullmitations nullgnitive nullnulllatornull Selfnullare nulldependent nullving null0 90 null 70 60 50 40 30 20 null 0 nullrevalence of tnullpes of disanullilities among households with worst case needs and disanullilities, 2009 (null,000 households and percent) Per nullnt Per nullnt Per nullnt 9null 9null nullnull (nullnull nullnull (nullnull 9null 9null9null 9null 47null (4null) null9 (nullnull 533 (54null 303 (3null)

6 2009 WORST CASE HOUSING NEEDS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES: SUPPLEMENTAL FINDINGS nullrends in nullorst nullase nulleeds and Disabilities nulletnulleen 2nullnullnulland 2nullnullnull nulln nullnullnullnullnullthe number and prenullalennulle of nullorst nullase needs innullreased among nullery lonullnullinnullome renters nullith disabilities. Benullause direnullt measure nullas not anullailable before the nullnullnullnullAnullSnull hanges onullertime hanulle to rely on the innullome pronully measure. null Anullnullording to innullome pronully measurenullafter a stagnant period betnulleen nullnullnullnulland nullnullnullnullnullthe number of nullorst nullase needs households nullith disabilities innullreased by nullnullnullnullnullnullnullbetnulleen nullnullnullnulland nullnullnullnullnullaffenullting null.nullmillion house null holds. nullnullhibit null shonulls that the prenullalennulle of these households among nullery lonullnullinnullome renters nullnullLnullRnull nullith disabilities innullreased from nullnullto nullnullpernullent during this same time period. The prenullalennulle of disabilities among nullorst nullase needs households denullreased in nullnullnullnull. This denullrease resulted from a large innullrease in the number of nullorst nullase needs householdsnull hinullh nullas not anullnullom null panied by a proportional innullrease in those households nullith disabilinull ties. Worst nullase needs grenullby nullnullpernullent betnulleen nullnullnullnulland nullnullnullnullnull and those households nullith disabilities grenullby nullnullpernullent during the same period. As a resultnullthe prenullalennulle of disabilities among nullorst nullase needs households denullreased from nullnullpernullent in nullnullnullnullto nullnull pernullent in nullnullnullnullnullnullnullhibit nullnull. nullge nullroups of People nullith Disabilities and nullorst nullase nulleeds nullf the nullnullnullnullnullnullnullhouseholds nullith nullorst nullase needs and disabilitiesnull nullnullpernullent innulllude nullhildren nullith disabilitiesnull nullpernullent innulllude non null elderly adults nullith disabilitiesnulland nullpernullent innulllude both. nulllderly people nullnullnullyears old and oldernullnullith disabilities are not innullluded in this estimation. There are nullnullnullnullnullnullnullhouseholds nullith nullorst nullase needs that innulllude elderly people nullith disabilities. null Racenullnullthnicity of nullorst nullase nulleeds Households nullith and nullithout People nullith Disabilities Small differennulles enullist in the share of nullorst nullase needs households nullith and nullithout disabilitiesnullby ranulle and ethninullity. Worst nullase needs households nullith disabilities hanulle a greater share of nonnullnullispaninull Whitesnulland a smaller share of nullispaninullsnull ompared nullith households nullithout disabilities. Little differennulle is apparent in the share of nonnull nullispaninullBlanullnullhouseholds nullith and nullithout disabilities. nullnullhibit null shonulls that appronullimately nullnullpernullent of nullorst nullase needs house null holds nullith disabilities are Whitenull ompared nullith nullnullpernullent of those nullithout disabilities. The share of nullorst nullase needs households nullith disabilities that hanulle a nullispaninullethninullity is nullnullpernullentnulland those nullithout disabilities and a nullispaninullethninullity is nullnullpernullent. null The analysis is limited to nullnull benullusenullbefore that yearnulla different methodology nulls used to estimate the number of people nullth disabilities based on innullme pronull measures. For more detail on the innullme pronull measures and the main differennulls betnullen this measure and the direnull onenullsee senullion nullof this report. null nullderly people nullth disabilities hanull not been innulluded in past estimations or in this onenullbenulluse other federal programs are designed spenullnullally to address the housing needs of this population. nullnullHnullnullnullnullnull. nullHnullRnullHnullS nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullRnullnullSnullnullnull nullHnullnullUMnullnullR nullnullD PRnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullOnullnullORSnullnullnullSnull nullnullnullDS nullMOnullnullnullnullRnullnullOnullnullnullnullnullOMnullRnullnullnullnullR HOUSnullHOnullDS nullnullnullH DnullSnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullS nullLnullR nullnullery lonullnullinnullome renter. Sourcenull nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopmentnullnullfnullnulle of Polinully nullenullelopment and Researnullhnulltabulations of Amerinullan nullousing Surnulley data nullumnuller of worst case needs households with disanullilities and prevalence among vernulllownullincome renter households with disanullilities using income pronullnullmeasure, 2005 to 2009 (null,000 households and percent) 2005 2007 2009 null059 (3null) 2,765 2,6null 2,79null null006 (3null) nullnull0 (4null) 3,000 2,500 2,000 null500 null000 500 0 nullnull nullth nullsanulllities nullnull nullth nullsanulllities and nullorst nullse nulleds nullnullHnullnullnullnullnull. nullHnullRnullnullnullS nullRnullnullnullnullnullDnullnullRnullnullSnull nullnullnullHnullPRnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullOnullDnullSnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullS nullMOnullnull nullORSnullnullnullSnullnullnullnullDS HOUSnullHOnullDS Sourcenull nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopmentnullnullfnullnulle of Polinully nullenullelopment and Researnullhnulltabulations of Amerinullan nullousing Surnulley data nullisanullilitnullamong worst case needs households using income pronullnullmeasure, 2005 to 2009 (null,000 households and percent) 2005 2007 2009 null059 (nullnull 5,992 5,905 null006 (nullnull nullnull0 (nullnull 7,094 null000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 null000 0 nullorst nullse nulleds nullth nullsanulllities nullorst nullse nulleds nulluseholds nullnullnullnull nulluseholds nullnullnullnull

7 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT | OFFICE OF POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH SECTION 1. DEMOGRAPHICS OF WORST CASE NEEDS HOUSEHOLDS THAT INCLUDE PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES Regional and Urban nulleography of nullorst nullase nulleeds Households nullith and nullithout People nullith Disabilities The distribution of nullorst nullase needs households nullith disabilities by the four manullor regionsnullnullortheastnullMidnullestnullSouthnulland Westnullis similar nullompared nullith the distribution for those nullithout disabilitiesnull nullith a slightly higher share of households that innulllude people nullith disabilities in the Midnullest and a slightly smaller share in the West and nullortheast. nullnullhibit nullshonulls that appronullimately nullnullpernullent of nullorst nullase needs households nullith disabilities linulle in the Midnullestnull and nullnullpernullent of those nullithout disabilities linulle in this region. The share of households nullith disabilities that linulle in the West and the nullortheast is nullnulland nullnullpernullentnullrespenulltinullelynull ompared nullith nullnulland nullnullpernullent of those nullithout disabilities that linulle in these regions. Larger differennulles are apparent in the distribution of nullorst nullase needs households nullith disabilities by metropolitan lonullations nullomnull pared nullith those nullithout disabilities. nullnullhibit nullshonulls that a greater pernullentage of those households nullith disabilities are lonullated in nonnull metropolitan areas nullnullnullpernullentnullnullompared nullith those nullithout dis null abilities nullnullnullpernullentnull. nulln the other handnulla smaller pernullentage of those households nullith disabilities are lonullated in nullentral nullities nullnullnull pernullentnullnullompared nullith those nullithout disabilities nullnullnullpernullentnull. nulln suburbsnulla similar pernullentage of nullorst nullase needs households nullith and nullithout disabilities linulle in these areas. nullnullHnullnullnullnullnull. nullHnullRnullnullRnullSMnullnullnullDnullnullnullnullRnullnullnullnullS nullnull nullHnullSHnullRnullOnullnullORSnullnullnullSnullnullnullnullDS HOUSnull null HOnullDS nullnullnullH nullnullD nullnullnullHOUnullDnullSnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullS nullnull RnullnullnullnullnullnullHnullnullnullnullnullnull Sourcenull nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopmentnullnullfnullnulle of Polinully nullenullelopment and Researnullhnulltabulations of Amerinullan nullousing Surnulley data Share of worst case needs households with and without disanullilities nullnullracenullethnicitnull, 2009 (percent) nullorst nullse nulleds nulluseholds nullth nullsanulllities nullorst nullse nulleds nulluseholds nullthout nullsanulllities 55 47 22 23 null 23 nullnnullispanic nullite nullnnullispanic nullacnull nullspanic nullher 60 50 40 30 20 null 0 4 6 nullnullHnullnullnullnullnull. nullHnullRnullnullRnullSMnullnullnullDnullnullnullnullRnullnullnullnullS nullnullnullHnull DnullSnullRnullnullUnullnullOnullOnullnullORSnullnullnullSnullnullnullnullDS HOUSnullHOnullDS nullnullnullH nullnullD nullnullnullHOUnullDnullSnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullS nullnullRnullnullnullOnullnull nullnullUnullnullHnullRnullnullRnullSnullnullnullHnullnullnullnullnullRnullnullR DnullnullnullnullRnullnullnullnullS nullnullMnullnullROPOnullnullnullnullnullnullOnullnullnullnullOnull Sourcenull nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopmentnullnullfnullnulle of Polinully nullenullelopment and Researnullhnulltabulations of Amerinullan nullousing Surnulley data nullrtheast nulldwest South nullest Sunullrnullnullntral nullties nullnnulletro 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 null null 5 0 Share of worst case needs households with and without disanullilities nullnull region, 2009 (percent) Share of worst case needs households with and without disanullilities nullnullmetropolitan region, 2009 (percent) null 20 23 null 35 35 24 26 4null 4null 3null 37 2null null nullorst nullse nulleds nulluseholds nullth nullsanulllities nullorst nullse nulleds nulluseholds nullthout nullsanulllities Per nullnt Per nullnt

8 2009 WORST CASE HOUSING NEEDS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES: SUPPLEMENTAL FINDINGS Past reports on nullorst nullase needs households used an innullome pronully measure to identify households that innulllude nonelderly adults nullith disabilities. nullnitiallynullthree innullome sournulles nullere used as a pronully for nonelderly adults nullith disabilities among nonelderly housenull holds nullithout nullhildrennullSonullial Senullurity and pensionsnull elfare and publinullassistannullenulland Supplemental Senullurity nullnnullome nullSSnullnull. nulln nullnullnullnullnullthe AnullS added Sonullial Senullurity nullisability nullnsurannulle nullSSnullnullnullas a spenullinullnullinnullome sournulle and split the nulluestion on SSnulland nullelfare innullome in tnullo. As a resultnullfour innullome sournulles nullere adopted as a pronully for people nullith disabilities among nonelderly households nullithout nullhildrennull nullnullSonullial Senullurity and pen null sionsnullnullnullnullnullelfare and other publinullassistannullenullnullnullnullSSnullnulland nullnullnullSSnullnull. Renullisions to the nullnullnullnullAnullS nullues null tions on innullome sournulles made estimating the presennulle of people nullith disabilities among families nullith nullhildren possible. When SSnull and nullelfare innullome nullere reported on the same nulluestionnullit nullas not pos null sible to enullnulllude innullome from publinull assistannulle direnullted tonullard families nullith nullhildren. As a resultnullfamilies nullith nullhildren nullere not prenulliously innullluded among households that innulllude people nullith disabilities. With the disaggregation of these nulluestions and the innulllusion of the nulluestion on SSnullnullin the nullnullnullnullAnullSnull nullnullnulladopted three innullome sournull null es as a pronully for disabilities among families nullith nullhildrennullSonullial Senullu null rity and pensionsnullSSnullnulland SSnullnull. CHANGES IN DISABILITY MEASURES OF WORST CASE NEEDS HOUSEHOLDS DnullRnullnullnullMnullnullSURnullOnullDnullSnullnullnullnullnullnullnull All households nullith a nonelderly indinullidual nullho reported at least one of the sinulltypes of disability asnulled about in the nullnullnullnullAnullS. nullnullnullOMnullPROnullnullMnullnullSURnullOnull DnullSnullnullnullnullnullnullnull For nonelderly householdsnull it represents nullhildless households nullith nonelderly adults identinulled as hanulling a disabilitynull using the fournullinnullome pronully measure nullSonullial Senullurinull tynullpensionsnullnullelfarenullpublinullassistannullenullSSnullnull and SSnullnullnull. For families nullith nullhildren it represents nonnull elderly adults identinulled as hanulling a disabilnull itynullusing the threenullinnullome pronully measure nullSonullial SenulluritynullpensionsnullSSnullnulland SSnullnullnull. 2SnullnullnullnullOnull

9 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT | OFFICE OF POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH SECTION 2. CHANGES IN DISABILITY MEASURES OF WORST CASE NEEDS HOUSEHOLDS null The direnull measure of disabilities not only nullanges the methodology from an innullme pronull to a selfnulleported measurenullbut it also innulludes nullildren nullth disabilities. null the pastnullthe innullme pronull methodology attempted to estimate only the number of nonelderly adults nullth disabilitiesnullnullile the direnull measure nonullinnulludes the number of nonelderly adults and nullildren nullth reported disabilities. null both nullsesnullthe number of elderly people nullth disabilities is not innulluded in the estimations. null Family nullth nullildren represents households in nullinull a nullild under null years old is present. The household is presumed to meet the denullition of family through relation by birth or adop null tion nullnnulluding grandparents as parentsnull nullderly nullthout nullildren represents households in nullinull at least one householder or spouse is aged null or older and no nullildren are present. nullnelderly disabled represents households that nullnullare not families nullth nullildrennullnullnullare not elderly nullthout nullildrennulland nullnullhanull an adult identinulld as hanullng a disabilitynullusing a fournull innullme pronull measure of disabilities. nullomparing nullncome Pronully and Direct Measures of Disability in the 2nullnullnull HS nullnullerallnulla small denullrease enullists in the total number of nullorst nullase needs households that innulllude people nullith disabilitiesnullusing the nenulldirenullt measure of disabilitiesnullbut the prenullalennulle among nullery lonullnullinnullome renter households is similar. null nulln nullnullnullnullnullnull.nullmillion nullery lonullnullinnullome renter households innullluded people nullith disabilitiesnull using the innullome pronully measurenullnullompared nullith null.nullmillion nullery lonullnullinnullome households that innullluded people nullith disabilitiesnullusing the nenulldirenullt measure. Among themnullthose nullith nullorst nullase needs nullere nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullusing the innullome pronully measurenullnullompared nullith nullnullnullnullnullnullnullusing the nenulldirenullt measurenullas shonulln in nullnullhibit null. Thus the share of nullorst nullase needs among nullery lonullnullinnullome renter housenull holds that innulllude people nullith disabilities nullas nullnullpernullent using nenull direnullt measure donulln from nullnullpernullent using innullome pronully measure. Prenullious nullorst nullase needs reports identinulled four manullor household typesnullnullnullnullfamilies nullith nullhildrennullnullnullnullelderly nullithout nullhildrennullnullnullnullnon null elderly disablednulland nullnullnullother households. null For nonelderly disabled householdsnullthe number of nullorst nullase needs households nullith dis null abilities estimated using the direnullt measure is less than onenullhalf the number estimated using the innullome pronully measure. nullnullhibit nullshonulls that in nullnullnullnullnullthe innullome pronully estimated nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnonelderly house null holds nullith nullorst nullase needs and disabilities. The nenulldirenullt mea null sure estimated only nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnonelderly households nullith nullorst nullase needs and disabilitiesnulla nullnullnullpernullent redunulltion. For families nullith nullhildrennullthe estimates of nullorst nullase needs house null holds nullith disabilities do not nullary munullh using the nenulldirenullt mea null sure and the innullome pronully measure. The innullome pronully measure estimates nullnullnullnullnullnullnullfamilies nullith nullhildren nullith nullorst nullase needs and disabilitiesnulland the direnullt measure estimates nullnullnullnullnullnullnullfamilies nullith nullhildren nullith nullorst nullase needs and disabilities. For elderly nullithout nullhildren and other household typesnullthe nenulldirenullt measure permits the identinullnullation of households that innulllude people nullith disabilities for the nullery nullrst time. The direnullt measure estimates nullnullnullnullnullnulland nullnullnullnullnullnullnullhouseholds nullith nullorst nullase needs that innulllude people nullith disabilitiesnullrespenulltinullelynullin these household groups. nullnullHnullnullnullnullnull. nullSnullnullMnullnullnullOnullOnullDnullSnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullS nullS SMnullnullnullnullR nullnullnullH DnullRnullnullnullMnullnullSURnullnullHnullnullnullnullnullH nullnullnullOMnullPROnullnullnull nullnullUnullPRnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullMOnullnullnullnullRnullnullOnullnullnullnullnullOMnull RnullnullnullnullRS nullnullnullH DnullSnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullS nullS SnullMnullnullnullR nullLnullR nullnullery lonullnullinnullome renter. Sourcenull nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopmentnullnullfnullnulle of Polinully nullenullelopment and Researnullhnulltabulations of Amerinullan nullousing Surnulley data nullth nullcome nullonull nullasure nullth nullrect nullasure nullth nullcome nullonull nullasure nullth nullrect nullasure null0 90 null 70 60 50 40 30 20 null 0 null,200 null000 null0 600 400 200 0 nullumnuller of worst case needs households with disanullilities nullnullfamilnull tnullpe, 2009 (null,000 households) Share of vernulllownullincome renters with disanullilities and worst case needs, 2009 (percent) nullnull nullth nullsanulllities and nullorst nullse nulleds nullnull nullth nullsanulllities nullher nulluseholds nullderlnullnullthout nullildren nullmilies nullth nullildren nullnnulllderlnullnullsanulled nulluseholds nullnullnullnull Per nullnt 422 20null 7null 4null 4null null0 null0 3null340 nullnull0 9null 29

Unknown

10 2009 WORST CASE HOUSING NEEDS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES: SUPPLEMENTAL FINDINGS Understanding the Differences nulletnulleen nullncome Pronully and Direct Measures of Disability Tnullo main fanulltors nullontribute to the differennulles betnulleen the innullome pronully and the direnullt measures of disabilitynullthe innullome pronully mea null sure onullernullounts the number of people nullith disabilities in some nullases and undernullounts the number in others. nulln the nullrst nullasenullonullernullount null ing the number is a result of high rates of false positivesnullor the per null nullentage of households that report hanulling an innullome sournulle pronully assonulliated nullith disabilities but that do not ansnuller positinulle to at least one of the sinull uestions about disabilities. nullepending on the innullome sournullenullthe rate of false positinulles ranges from nullnullto nullnullpernullent among nullLnullR nonelderly households nullithout nullhildren and is enullen larger among families nullith nullhildrennullranging from nullnullto nullnullpernullent false positinullesnullas shonulln in nullnullhibit null. As a nullholenullthe innullome pronully innullorrenulltly identinulles nullnullpernullent of nonelderly households nullithout nullhildren and nullnullpernullent of households among families nullith nullhildren as hanulling a household member nullith a disability. nulln the senullond nullasenullundernullounting the number of people nullith dis null abilities is a result of high rates of false negativesnullor the pernullentage of all households that reported a member nullith a disability that the innullome sournulle pronully did not identify. Within both household groupsnull SSnullis the pronully nullith the lonullest rate of false positinullesnullyet it still fails to identify nullnullpernullent of all nullLnullR nonelderly households nullithout nullhildren nullith people nullith disabilities and nullnullpernullent of families nullith nullhildren nullith people nullith disabilities. Togethernullthe innullome pronully does a bet null ter nullob at identifying people nullith disabilitiesnullbut it still fails to identify nullnullpernullent of all nullLnullR nonelderly households nullithout nullhildren nullith people nullith disabilities and nullnullpernullent of families nullith nullhildren nullith people nullith disabilities. nullnullnullnonelderly nullthout children nullnullnull nullnullnull With innullme sournullnull Sonullal Senullritynullailroad retirement nullnull nullnull null null Supplemental Senullrity nullnullme nullnull nullnull null null Publinullassistannull nullnull nullnull null null Retirementnullsurnullnullrnullor disability payments nullnull nullnull null null nullduplinullted total nullny of the abonull sournullsnull nullnullnull nullnullnull null null nullnullnullfamilies nullth children nullnullnull nullnullnull With innullme sournullnull Sonullal Senullritynullailroad retirement nullnull nullnull null null Supplemental Senullrity nullnullme nullnull nullnull null null Retirementnullsurnullnullrnullor disability payments nullnull nullnull null null nullduplinullted total nullny of the abonull sournullsnull nullnull nullnull null null nullotal nullnull Reported Disabilities nullnull Rate of nulllse Positives nullnull Rate of nulllse nullgatives nullnull nullnullHnullnullnullnullnull. nullnullnullOMnullPROnullnullMnullnullSURnullHnullS HnullnullH RnullnullnullS OnullMnullSnullDnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullOnullS nullLnullR nullnullery lonullnullinnullome renter. Sourcenull nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopmentnullnullfnullnulle of Polinully nullenullelopment and Researnullhnulltabulations of Amerinullan nullousing Surnulley data nulleported disanullilities nullnulldisanullilitnullrelated income source among vernulllownullincome renter households, 2009 (null,000 households and percent)

11 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT | OFFICE OF POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH SECTION 2. CHANGES IN DISABILITY MEASURES OF WORST CASE NEEDS HOUSEHOLDS nullnullnullnonelderly nullthout nullildren nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnull nullnull nullnullnullfamilies nullth nullildren nullnull nullnullnull nullnull nullnull nullth nullcomenullronull Disabilities nullth Reported Disabilities nulllse Positives nulllse nullgatives nullnullHnullnullnullnullnullnull. nullnullnullOMnullPROnullnullMnullnullSURnullOnullDnullSnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullS MnullSnullDnullnullnullnullnullnullnullS nullnullnullRnullnullnullUMnullnullR OnullHOUSnullHOnullDS nullLnullR nullnullery lonullnullinnullome renter. Sourcenull nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopmentnullnullfnullnulle of Polinully nullenullelopment and Researnullhnulltabulations of Amerinullan nullousing Surnulley data nullumnuller of misidentinullcations of income pronullnullmeasure of people with disanullilities among vernulllownullincome renter households, 2009 (null,000 households) nullnullhibit nullnullshonulls that among nullLnullR nonelderly households nullithout nullhildrennull the innullome pronully innullorrenulltly identinulles nullnullnullnullnullnullnull house null holds as hanulling people nullith disabilities and it fails to identify nullnullnullnullnullnullnullhouseholds that reported hanulling people nullith disabilities. Benullause the number of false positinulles is higher than the number of false negatinullesnullthe net effenullt is a redunulltion in the total estimated number of households that innulllude people nullith disabilitiesnullusing the nenulldirenullt measure. Among nullLnullR families nullith nullhildrennull the innullome pronully innullorrenulltly identinulles nullnullnullnullnullnullnullhouseholds as hanulling people nullith disabilities and it fails to identify nullnullnullnullnullnullnullhouseholds that reported hanulling people nullith disabilities. Benullause the number of false positinulles is similar to the number of false negatinullesnullthe net effenullt leads to a nullery small nullhange in the total estimated number of households that innulllude people nullith disabilitiesnullusing the nenulldirenullt measure.

12 2009 WORST CASE HOUSING NEEDS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES: SUPPLEMENTAL FINDINGS The nenulldirenullt measure represents an impronullement from prenullious efforts to estimate the number of households nullith nullorst nullase needs that innulllude people nullith disabilities. The nenulldirenullt measure allonulls us to nullnonullmore about the nullharanullteristinulls of renter households nullith disabilities and senullere housing burdens. When nullompared nullith other data sournullesnullhonullenullernullthe AnullS disability estimates nullnullnulldo not alnullays align perfenulltly nullith estimates from other surnulleysnullnullnullnullare limited by a small set of nulluestions that do not nullom null pletely nullapture a nullomplenull onnullept linulle disabilitynulland nullnullnulldo not innulllude some population groups that hanulle high prenullalennulle of people nullith disabilities. This senulltion nullompares estimates of the number of people nullith disabilities from the AnullSnull the Amerinullan Community Surnulley nullACSnullnulland the nullational nullealth nullnternullienullSurnulley nullnullnullnullSnull and shonulls differennulles betnulleen them. nullt also disnullusses the remaining limitations of the AnullS to estimate people nullith disabilities. nullomparing the nullHS Disability nullstimates nullith the nullnullS nullstimates Benullause the AnullS and the ACS use similar nulluestions to identify people nullith disabilities and they both innulluire about innullome sournulles using similar nulluestionsnullACS nullan be used to nullalidate AnullS reporting on people nullith disabilities. nullt is important to use nullaution nullhen nullomparing different surnulleysnullbenullause surnulley results are affenullted by eanullh surnulleynulls dif null ferent purposesnullsnullopesnullpopulation of interestnullmodes of nullollenulltionnull ontenulltsnulland enullen minor differennulles in nulluestion nullording and order. Thereforenullit is unlinullely that data nullill yield identinullal estimates. As it nullould be enullpenulltednullthe estimates in the ACS are different from those in the AnullSnull nullith ACS presenting higher disability rates among nullLnullR nonelderly households nullithout nullhildren and nullLnullR families nullith nullhildren. nullnullhibit nullnullshonullthat in nullnullnullnullnullthere nullere an es null timated null.nullmillion nullLnullR nonelderly households nullithout nullhildren nullith disabilities and null.null million nullLnullR families nullith nullhildren nullith disabilitiesnullanullnullording to ACS data. The disability rate nullas nullnulland nullnullpernullent among these household groupsnullrespenulltinullely. nulln nullontrastnullthe disability rate using AnullS nullas only nullnulland nullnullpernullent among these household groups. Another important differennulle betnulleen these estimates is that although both surnulleys hanulle similar reporting of innullome sournulles assonulliated nullith disabilitiesnullACS has a better COMPARING THE AHS DISABILITY ESTIMATES WITH THE ESTIMATES FROM OTHER DATA SOURCES nullSnullnullnullnullOnull

13 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT | OFFICE OF POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH SECTION 3. COMPARING THE AHS DISABILITY ESTIMATES WITH THE ESTIMATES FROM OTHER DATA SOURCES nullerican Housing Survey nullHSnull nullnullnullnonelderly nullthout nullildren nullnullnull nullnullnull null nullnullnullfamilies nullth nullildren nullnullnull nullnullnull null nullerican nullmmunity Survey nullnullnull nullnullnullnonelderly nullthout nullildren nullnullnull nullnullnull null nullnullnullfamilies nullth nullildren nullnullnull nullnullnull null nullotal nullnull Reported Disabilities nullnull Prevalence nullnull nullnullHnullnullnullnullnullnull. nullOMPnullRnullSOnullOnullnullHS nullnullD nullnullS DnullSnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullSnullnullMnullnullnullS nullMOnullnullnullnullRnullnullOnullnullnullnullnullOMnullRnullnullnullnullRS nullLnullR nullnullery lonullnullinnullome renter. Sourcenull nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopmentnullnullfnullnulle of Polinully nullenullelopment and Researnullhnulltabulations of AnullS and ACS data nulleported disanullilitnullamong vernulllownullincome renter households, 2009 (null,000 households) nullotal nullnull Reported Disabilities nullnull Rate of nulllse Positives nullnull Rate of nulllse nullgatives nullnull nullnullHnullnullnullnullnull2. nullnullS HnullS HnullnullHnullR DnullSnullnullnullnullnullnullnullRnullnullnullS nullnullD nullOnullnullR MnullSnullDnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullOnullS RnullnullnullS nullHnullnullnullHS nulleported disanullilitnullnullnulldisanullilitnullnullrelated income source among vernulllownullincome renter households, nullnullS 2009 (null,000 households) nullnullnullnonelderly nullthout children nullnullnull nullnullnull With innullme sournullnull Sonullal Senullritynullailroad retirement nullnull nullnull null null Supplemental Senullrity nullnullme nullnull nullnull null null Publinullassistannull nullnull nullnull null null Retirementnullsurnullnullrnullor disability payments nullnull null null null nullduplinullted total nullny of the abonull sournullsnull nullnullnull nullnullnull null null nullnullnullfamilies nullth children nullnullnull nullnullnull With innullme sournullnull Sonullal Senullritynullailroad retirement nullnull nullnull null null Supplemental Senullrity nullnullme nullnull nullnull null null Retirementnullsurnullnullrnullor disability payments nullnull null null null nullduplinullted total nullny of the abonull sournullsnull nullnull nullnull null null ACS nullAmerinullan Community Surnulley. AnullS nullAmerinullan nullousing Surnulley. nullLnullR nullnullery lonullnullinnullome renter. Sourcenull nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopmentnullnullfnullnulle of Polinully nullenullelopment and Researnullhnulltabulations of ACS data nullorrelation betnulleen people reporting these innullome sournulles and reporting disabilities. nullnullhibit nullnullshonulls that ACS has lonuller rates of false positinulles than AnullS data estimatesnullespenullially for SSnull. The rate of false positinulles for SSnullis nullnullpernullent among nullLnullR nonelderly households nullithout nullhildren for AnullS datanullalthough it is only nullper null nullent for ACS data. The rate of false positinulles for SSnullis nullnullpernullent among nullLnullR families nullith nullhildren for AnullS datanullalthough it is only nullnullpernullent for ACS data. This disnullrepannully seems to indinullate that AnullS respondents might be underreporting disabilities. Togethernullthe innullome sournulle pronully estimates based on ACS data also yield lonuller rates of false positinulles than estimates based on AnullS data. Among nullLnullR nonelderly households nullithout nullhildrennullthe ACS innullome pronully innullorrenulltly identinulles nullnullpernullent of households as hanull null ing people nullith disabilitiesnullalthough the AnullS innullorrenulltly identinulles as many as nullnullpernullent of households. Among nullLnullR families nullith nullhildrennullthe innullome pronully innullorrenulltly identinulles nullnullpernullent of house null holds as hanulling people nullith disabilitiesnullalthough the AnullS innullorrenulltly identinulles as many as nullnullpernullent of households. AnullS performs better in the rate of false negatinulles but only benullause AnullS estimates of the number of households innullluding people nullith disabilities is smaller than ACS estimates. Among nullLnullR nonelderly households nullithout nullhildrennullthe innullome pronully fails to identify nullnull

14 2009 WORST CASE HOUSING NEEDS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES: SUPPLEMENTAL FINDINGS pernullent of households that reported hanulling people nullith disabilities using ACS datanullalthough AnullS fails to identify nullnullpernullent of house null holds that reported hanulling people nullith disabilities. Among nullLnullR families nullith nullhildrennullthe innullome pronully fails to identify nullnullpernullent of households that reported hanulling people nullith disabilities using ACS datanullalthough AnullS fails to identify nullnullpernullent of households that reported hanulling people nullith disabilities. A number of possible reasons may enullplain differennulles in disability rates betnulleen ACS and AnullS. These surnulleys hanulle different purposnull es and nullontenulltnull ith the AnullS fonullusing on housing units and the ACS fonullusing on people. Results might also be affenullted by the different modes of nullollenulltion. AnullS uses only personal and telephone internull nullienulls and ACS relies more on a mailed form. FinallynullAnullS and ACS nulluestions are grouped differentlynullhanulle slight nullording differennullesnull and some of the nulluestions are applied to different age groups. Alnull though three nulluestions in ACS are applied only to people nullyears old or oldernullthey are applied to people of all ages in AnullS. nullnullen nullhen surnulleys use similar nulluestionsnullslight nullariations in nullording or nulluestion senulluennulle nullan yield different results. null nullomparing the nullHS Disability nullstimates nullith the nullHnullS nullstimates The nullnullnullS is the prinnullipal sournulle of information on the health of the noninstitutionalized nullinullilian population of the nullnited States and it innull nullludes a large set of nulluestions about disability. The nullnullnullS innulluires about anulltinullity limitations that are not innullluded in the AnullSnullsunullh as nullornulllimitationnulllimitations that are spenullinullnullto nullhildrennullthe degree of difnullnullulty in a number of limitationsnullthe nullondition or health problem assonulliated nullith that limitationnullas nullell as the length of time the indi null nullidual has enullperiennulled the nullondition. Benullause of these differennullesnull nullomparing general estimates from both surnulleys is not straightfornullard. As enullpenulltednullthe nullnullnullS and AnullS hanulle different estimates of the num null ber of households that innulllude people nullith disabilitiesnullas shonulln in nullnullhibit nullnull. The nullnullnullnullAnullS estimates a total of null.nullmillion house null holds that innulllude nonelderly people nullith any of the sinullmeasures of disabilities disnullussed prenulliouslynulland the nullnullnullnull nullnullS estimates nullnull.null million households that innulllude nonelderly people nullith any of nine types of anulltinullity limitation. null These numbers are not strinulltly nullompanull rable benullause this nullnullnullS estimate does not innulllude some measures of physinullal limitation sunullh as nullision or hearing that are innullluded in the AnullS estimate. null nulln the other handnullthe nullnullnullS does innulllude measures of anulltinullity limitation not innullluded in the AnullSnullsunullh as nullhildrennulls limita null tion nullith play anulltinullitiesnullnullhildrennulls spenullial edunullation or early internullen null tion needsnulland adultsnullnullornulllimitation. nullespite these differennullesnullnullonnullerning nulluestions pertaining to anull null tinullity limitation that use similar nullonnulleptsnullthe nullnullnullS and AnullS esti null mates arenullin fanulltnullnullery similar. For enullamplenullin nullnullnullnullnullin nulluestions related to AnullLnullthe AnullS estimates that null.nullmillion households hanulle a nonelderly indinullidual nullho has serious difficultnulldressing or bathing null and the nullnullnullS estimates null.nullmillion households hanulle a nonelderly indinullidual nullho needs help nullith bathing and dressing. nulln nulluestions null Although Anull uses only nullmputernullssisted personal internullenullng nullAPnull and nullmputernullssisted telephone internullenullng nullATnullnullACS starts nullth a mail response and follonull up nullth CAPnulland CATnullmodes only nullen respondents fail to return the mail form. The ACS mail form has the same nullestions found in Anullnullbut they are strunullured in three nullestionsnullnullth a total of sinullsubparts. nullnull nullestion applies to different age groupsnullthe nullst to all peoplenullthe senullnd to people nullyears old or oldernulland the last to people null years old or older. null The nullnull anullinullty limitation estimation is based on nullestions that address nulllimitationsnullnullnullnullildren under nullyears old nullo are limited in play anullinulltiesnullnullnullnullildren under null years old nullo renullinull spenullal edunulltion or early internullntion sernullnullsnullnullnullpeople nullyears old or older nullo need help nullth personal nullre needsnullnullnulladults nullo need help nullth routine needsnull nullnulladults nullo are not able to nullrnullbenulluse of a nullndition or limitationnullnullnulladults nullo are limited in the nullnd or amount of nullrnull nullnullpeople nullo hanull difnullulty nulllnullngnullnullnullpeople nullo hanull difnullulty remembering and manullng denullsionsnulland nullnullpeople nullo hanull difnullulty nullth any other anullinullty. null Although the nullnull has nullestions related to nullsion and hearing limitationnullthey are part of a module applied to a sample of adults and nullildren of families innulluded in the nullnull. As a resultnullaggregated information at the household lenulll on these health nullnditions is more nullallenging to produnull and nulls not innulluded in this analysis. nullnull nulluseholds nullnullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnull Pernullntage of total households nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull null.null nullS nulluseholds nullnullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnull Pernullntage of total households nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull Selfnullare nullDnull nulldependent nullving nullnullnull nullbulatory nullmitation nullgnitive nullmitation nully of nullne nulltivity nullmitations nullHnullnull nully of SinullDisability Measures nullHSnull nullnullHnullnullnullnullnullnull. nullOMPnullRnullSOnullOnullSnullnullnullnullnullnullD DnullSnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullSnullnullMnullnullnullS nullROM nullHnullnullHnullS nullnullD nullHS AnullL null Anulltinullities of nullaily Linulling. AnullS null Amerinullan nullousing Surnulley. nullAnullL null nullnstrumental Anulltinullities of nullaily Linulling. nullnullnullS null nullational nullealth nullnternullienull Surnulley. Sourcenull nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopmentnullnullfnullnulle of Polinully nullenullelopment and Researnullhnulltabulations of nullnullnullS and AnullS data Selected measures of activitnulllimitation and disanullilitnull, 2009 (null,000 households and percent)

15 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT | OFFICE OF POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH SECTION 3. COMPARING THE AHS DISABILITY ESTIMATES WITH THE ESTIMATES FROM OTHER DATA SOURCES null nulloup nullarters are planulls nullere people linull or stay in a group linullng arrangement that is onulled or managed by an entity or organization pronullding housing and sernullnulls for the residents. They innullude institutional group nullarters nullor enullmplenullnullrrenullionalnullnursingnulland healthnullre fanulllitiesnulland noninstitutional group nullarters nullor enullmplenullnullllege residennull hallsnull military nullartersnullhomeless sheltersnulland group homesnullnull.S. Census BureaunullAmerinulln Community Surnullynull 2009 nulloup nullarters Definition null null The estimation of the population linullng in group nullarters fanulllities innulludes nullnullemergennull and transitional sheltersnullnullnullgroup homes intended for adults nullonnullrrenullionalnull nullnullresidential treatment nullnters for adults nullonnullrrenullionalnull nullnullnullrnullrsnullgroup linullng nullarters and nullb nullrps nullntersnulland nullnullreligious group nullarters. related to nullAnullLnullthe AnullS estimates that null.nullmillion households hanulle a nonelderly indinullidual nullho has difficultnulldoing errands alone nullvisit null ing a doctornulls office or shoppingnullnulland the nullnullnullS estimates the same number of households hanulle a nonelderly indinullidual nullho has difficultnull handling routine needs nullhousehold chores, doing necessarnullbusi null ness, shopping, or getting around for other purposesnull. nullespite slight differennulles in nullordingnullthese surnulleys arrinulle at nullery similar estimates in the number of households that innulllude nonelderly people nullith these selfnullnullare and independent linulling limitations nullsee nullnullhibit nullnullnull. nulln some nullasesnulldifferennulles in nullording seem to lead to slightly larger differennulles in estimatesnullenullen for nulluestions nullith similar nullonnullepts. nulln these nullasesnullthe AnullS anullnullounts for larger estimates of the number of households that innulllude people nullith disabilities than the nullnullnullS. For enullamplenullthe AnullS estimates null.nullmillion households nullith a nonelderly indinullidual nullho has serious difficultnullnullalnulling or clinullbing stairs nulland the nullnullnullS estimates only null.nullmillion households nullith a nonelderly indinullidual nullho has difficultnull alnulling nullithout using annullspecial enulluip null nullent. Both nulluestions try to nullapture ambulatory limitationnullbut the innulllusion of limitation nullith nulllimbing stairs in the AnullS nulluestion seems to lead to larger number of reported disabilities. Cognitinulle limitation pronullides a similar enullample of differennulles in estinull mates for similar nullonnullepts that might be a result of differennulles in lannull guage. The AnullS estimates null.nullmillion households nullith a nonelderly indinullidual nullho has serious difficultnullconcentrating, renullenullbering, or nullanulling decisions because of a phnullsical, nullental, or enullotional condinull tion. The nullnullnullSnullin nullontrastnullestimates only null.nullmillion households nullith a nonelderly indinullidual nullho is linullited in annullnullanullbecause of difficultnull renullenullbering or because of periods of confusion . Both nulluestions try to nullapture nullognitinulle limitationnullbut the AnullS seems to trigger a higher response rate despite hanulling the nulluestion restrinullted to serious difnullnullulty. nulln nullonnulllusionnullthe AnullS disability estimates do not alnullays align per null fenulltly nullith estimates from other sournulles. nulln nullomparison nullith the ACSnullthe AnullS has lonuller disability rates among nullery lonullnullinnullome renter households. For some reasonnullthere seems to be a higher dis null ability rate in the nullontenullt of the ACS than in the nullontenullt of the AnullS that needs further innullestigation to dranulla nullonnulllusion. nulln nullomparison nullith nullnullnullSnullon the other handnullthe AnullS seems to be getting similar disability estimates for nulluestions that use similar nullonnullepts. But AnullS has a more limited nullonnulleptual and operational denullnition of disability and is not able to nullapture all disability measures innullluded in nullnullnullS. As a resultnullthe nullnullnullS has a higher onullerall disability rate than the AnullS. The nullfnullnulle of Polinully nullenullelopment and Researnullh at nullnullnullis nullondunullt null ing a systematinull omparison of the AnullS disability results nullith other surnulleys that use the same nulluestions. This study might elunullidate the reasons for these differennulles. nullHS nullimitations nullo nullstimate the nullumber of People nullith Disabilities and Severe Housing nulleeds nullne limitation of the AnullS is the small set of nulluestions to estimate sunullh a nullomplenull onnullept as disability. The set of disability nulluestions in the ACSnullnullhinullh are ultimately the ones that nullere adopted in the AnullSnull hanulle undergone manullor impronullements from their original form. Their nullonnulleptual and operational denullnition nullas subnullenullt to a manullor renullienullby a subnullommittee on disability measurement led by the nullational Center for nullealth Statistinulls and its implementation nullas nullarefully tested in the nullnullnullnullACS nullontent test nullBraultnull nullnullnullnull. Although these nulluestions rep null resent a nullonnulleptual and empirinullal impronullement from earlier nullersionsnull it is nullhallenging to nullapture a nullomplenullnulldynaminullnulland multifanulleted nullon null nulleptual denullnition of disability using sunullh a limited set of nulluestions. Benull nullause disability is a nullonnullept that has different dimensions and enullists in a nullontinuumnullestablishing nullriteria that determine the presennulle of a disability nullith only sinullnulluestions is admittedly nullonstraining. nullther surnulleysnullsunullh as the nullnullnullSnullhanulle a larger set of nulluestions that allonullfor the use of broader nullonnullepts and operational denullnitions of disability. As disnullussed beforenullthe nullnullnullS nullaptures limitations that are spenullinullnullto nullhildrennulllimitations that affenullt employmentnulland other limitations that are not innullluded in the AnullS. nulln many nullasesnullthese limitations nullan be pinullnulled up by the nulluestions that are innullluded in the AnullS benullause people nullith anulltinullity limitation report limitations in multiple areas. But these nulluestions are not alnullays able to pinullnullup limitations not innullluded in the surnulley andnullas a resultnull nullnullS nullaptures larger numbers of people nullith anulltinullity limitation and hanulle higher disnull ability rates than the AnullS does. Another AnullS limitation is that it enullnullludes homeless people and peonull ple linulling in noninstitutional group nulluarters from its sample. nullnull nulloninnull stitutional group nulluarters innulllude planulles sunullh as homeless shelters and group homes nullhere there is a high prenullalennulle of people nullith disabilities. Sinnulle nullnullnullnullnullthe ACS nullas enullpanded to innulllude the popu null lation linulling in group nulluarters fanullilitiesnulland the nullnullnullnullACS estimates a total of nullnull nullnullnullpeople nullnullnullpernullentnullnullith at least one of the sinull measures of disability linulling in homeless sheltersnullgroup homesnulland other noninstitutional group nulluarters fanullilities. nullnull nullespite these limitationsnullestimates of households that innulllude peo null ple nullith disabilities and nullorst nullase needs nullill nullontinue to use the AnullSnullbenullause the AnullS is the only surnulley of housing units measuring both rent burden and physinullal housing nullondition. The addition of dinull renullt nulluestions about disabilities status impronulles AnullS estimates and pronullides important demographinulland geographinullinformation about people nullith disabilities and senullere housing needs. This additional information nullill hanulle important polinully implinullationsnulland impronulle the identinullnullationnullnullharanullterizationnulland targeting of this population.

2009 WORST CASE HOUSING NEEDS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES: SUPPLEMENTAL FINDINGS BraultnullMatthenullW. nullnullnullnull. Revienullof Changes to the nulleasurenullent of Disabilitnullin the 200null nullnullerican Conullnullunitnullnullurvenull . WashingtonnullnullCnullnull.S. Census Bureau. null.S. nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopment. nullnullnullnull. nullultifanullilnull uilding Confornullnull ance With the nullair Housing nullccessibilitnullnulluidelines . WashingtonnullnullCnullnull.S. nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopment. nullnullnullnullnullnull. nullnullnullnull. Discrinullination nullgainst People nullith Disabilities: nullarriers at nullernull tep . Washnull ingtonnullnullCnullnull.S. nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopment. nullnullnullnullnullnull. nullnullnullnull. Housing Needs of Persons With Disabilities: nullupplenullental nullindings to the nullffordable Housing Needs 200nullReport . Washingtonnull Cnull .S. nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopment. nullnullnullnullnullnull. nullnullnullnull. nullhe nulltate of nullair Housing: nullnnual Report on nullair Housing nulliscal nullear 2009. WashingtonnullnullCnullnull.S. nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopment. nullnullnullnullnullnull. nullnullnullnull. Worst Case Housing Needs 2009: Report to Congress. Washingtonnull Cnull .S. nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopment. null.S. nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopmentnullnullfnullnulle of Polinully nullenullelopment and Researnullh nullnullnullnullnullPnullnullRnull. nullnullnullnull. 2009 National nullnullerican Housing nullurvenull dditions to Code null boonull. WashingtonnullnullCnullnull.S. nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopment. null RnullnullnullRnullnullnullnullS

null APPENDIX U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT | OFFICE OF POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH nullotal nullth Disabilities a Physical nullmitations nullnullnullDnullnullmitations Hearing nullisual nullgnitive nullbulatory Selfnullare nulldependent nullving nulll households nullnullnullnull nullnullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnull Renter households nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnull nullnull nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnull nullnullnull nullner households nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnull nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnull nullnullnull Renter households nullnullnullnull nullassisted null senullre problems nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullassisted null nonsenullre problems only nullnullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull null nullnull nullassisted null no problems nullnullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull Assisted nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullery lonullinnullme nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnull nullnull nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnull nullnull Worst nullse needs nullnullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull Rent burden nullnull of innullme nullnullnull nullnullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull Rent burden nullnullnull of innullme nullnullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull nullnull Senullrely inadenullate housing nullnull nullnull null null null null null null Moderately inadenullate housing nullnullnull nullnull null nullnull nullnull nullnull null nullnull Cronulled housing nullnullnull nullnull null null null null null null nullnullHnullnullnullnullnullnullnull. HOUSnullnullnullnullOnullDnullnullnullOnullS OnullRnullnullnullnullR HOUSnullHOnullDS nullnullDnullSnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullPnullnull2nullnullnull AnullL nullAnulltinullities of nullaily Linulling. nullAnullL nullnullnstrumental Anulltinullities of nullaily Linulling. a nullouseholds nullith disabilities innulllude those in nullhinullh nonelderly people report at least one of the sinullmeasures of disabilities. Sourcenull nullepartment of nullousing and nullrban nullenullelopmentnull fnullnulle of Polinully nullenullelopment and Researnullhnulltabulations of Amerinullan nullousing Surnulley data nullPPnullnullDnullnull

U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Washington, DC 20410–null00 nullfinullal nullsiness nullnaltnullfor nullivate Use null00 nullturn Servinull nullnullested FIRST-CLASS MAIL POSTAGE & FEES PAID HUD PERMIT NO. G–795 U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development | Office of Policy Development and Research